Discussion Detail - DLMdo 信奥编程训练

C++
1
majiatong LV 8 @ 2025-6-22 16:47:48

zhangshangchenshuo LV 7 @ 2025-7-5 11:11:31
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include <conio.h> #include <windows.h> #ifdef _MSC_VER #if _MSC_VER <= 1200 #error 你是不是还在用VC6？！ #else #if _MSC_VER >= 1600 #include <stdint.h> #else typedef signed char int8_t; typedef unsigned short uint16_t; #endif #ifndef __cplusplus typedef int bool; #define true 1 #define false 0 #endif #endif #else #include <stdint.h> #ifndef __cplusplus #include <stdbool.h> #endif #endif static const uint16_t gs_uTetrisTable[7][4] = { {0x00F0U, 0x2222U, 0x00F0U, 0x2222U }, {0x0072U, 0x0262U, 0x0270U, 0x0232U }, {0x0223U, 0x0074U, 0x0622U, 0x0170U }, {0x0226U, 0x0470U, 0x0322U, 0x0071U }, {0x0063U, 0x0264U, 0x0063U, 0x0264U }, {0x006CU, 0x0462U, 0x006CU, 0x0462U }, {0x0660U, 0x0660U, 0x0660U, 0x0660U } }; static const uint16_t gs_uInitialTetrisPool[28] ={ 0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U, 0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U, 0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U, 0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xC003U,0xFFFFU,0xFFFFU }; #define COL_BEGIN 2 #define COL_END 14 #define ROW_BEGIN 4 #define ROW_END 26 typedef struct TetrisManager { uint16_t pool[28]; // 游戏池 int8_t x; int8_t y; int8_t type[3]; int8_t orientation[3]; unsigned score; // 得分 unsigned erasedCount[4]; // 消行数 unsigned erasedTotal; // 消行总数 unsigned tetrisCount[7]; // 各方块数 unsigned tetrisTotal; // 方块总数 bool dead; } TetrisManager; typedef struct TetrisControl{ bool pause; bool clockwise; int8_t direction; int8_t color[28][16]; } TetrisControl; HANDLE g_hConsoleOutput; void initGame(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 初始化游戏 void restartGame(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 重新开始游戏 void giveTetris(TetrisManager *manager); // 给一个方块 bool checkCollision(const TetrisManager *manager); // 碰撞检测 void insertTetris(TetrisManager *manager); // 插入方块 void removeTetris(TetrisManager *manager); // 移除方块 void horzMoveTetris(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 水平移动方块 void moveDownTetris(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 向下移动方块 void rotateTetris(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 旋转方块 void dropDownTetris(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 方块直接落地 bool checkErasing(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 消行检测 void keydownControl(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control, int key); // 键按下 void setPoolColor(const TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 设置颜色 void gotoxyWithFullwidth(short x, short y); // 以全角定位 void printPoolBorder(); // 显示游戏池边界 void printTetrisPool(const TetrisManager *manager, const TetrisControl *control); // 显示游戏池 void printCurrentTetris(const TetrisManager *manager, const TetrisControl *control); // 显示当前方块 void printNextTetris(const TetrisManager *manager); // 显示下一个和下下一个方块 void printScore(const TetrisManager *manager); // 显示得分信息 void runGame(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control); // 运行游戏 void printPrompting(); // 显示提示信息 bool ifPlayAgain(); // 再来一次

// ============================================================================= // 主函数 int main() { TetrisManager tetrisManager; TetrisControl tetrisControl;
```
initGame(&tetrisManager, &tetrisControl); // 初始化游戏
do
{
	printPrompting(); // 显示提示信息
	printPoolBorder(); // 显示游戏池边界
	runGame(&tetrisManager, &tetrisControl); // 运行游戏
	if (ifPlayAgain()) // 再来一次
	{
		SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 0x7);
		system("cls"); // 清屏
		restartGame(&tetrisManager, &tetrisControl); // 重新开始游戏
	}
	else
	{
		break;
	}
} while (1);
gotoxyWithFullwidth(0, 0);
CloseHandle(g_hConsoleOutput);
return 0;
```
} void initGame(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control) { CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cursorInfo = { 1, FALSE }; // 光标信息 g_hConsoleOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); // 获取控制台输出句柄 SetConsoleCursorInfo(g_hConsoleOutput, &cursorInfo); // 设置光标隐藏 SetConsoleTitleA("俄罗斯方块控制台版——By: NEWPLAN");
```
restartGame(manager, control);
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 重新开始游戏 void restartGame(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control) { memset(manager, 0, sizeof(TetrisManager)); // 全部置0
```
// 初始化游戏池
memcpy(manager->pool, gs_uInitialTetrisPool, sizeof(uint16_t [28]));
srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); // 设置随机种子

manager->type[1] = rand() % 7; // 下一个
manager->orientation[1] = rand() & 3;

manager->type[2] = rand() % 7; // 下下一个
manager->orientation[2] = rand() & 3;

memset(control, 0, sizeof(TetrisControl)); // 全部置0

giveTetris(manager); // 给下一个方块
setPoolColor(manager, control); // 设置颜色
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 给一个方块 void giveTetris(TetrisManager *manager) { uint16_t tetris;
```
manager->type[0] = manager->type[1]; // 下一个方块置为当前
manager->orientation[0] = manager->orientation[1];

manager->type[1] = manager->type[2];// 下下一个置方块为下一个
manager->orientation[1] = manager->orientation[2];

manager->type[2] = rand() % 7;// 随机生成下下一个方块
manager->orientation[2] = rand() & 3;

tetris = gs_uTetrisTable[manager->type[0]][manager->orientation[0]]; // 当前方块

// 设置当前方块y坐标，保证刚给出时只显示方块最下面一行

if (tetris & 0xF000)
{
	manager->y = 0;
}
else
{
	manager->y = (tetris & 0xFF00) ? 1 : 2;
}
manager->x = 6; // 设置当前方块x坐标

if (checkCollision(manager)) // 检测到碰撞
{
	manager->dead = true; // 标记游戏结束
}
else // 未检测到碰撞
{
	insertTetris(manager); // 将当前方块加入游戏池
}

++manager->tetrisTotal; // 方块总数
++manager->tetrisCount[manager->type[0]]; // 相应方块数

printNextTetris(manager); // 显示下一个方块
printScore(manager); // 显示得分信息
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 碰撞检测 bool checkCollision(const TetrisManager *manager) { // 当前方块 uint16_t tetris = gs_uTetrisTable[manager->type[0]][manager->orientation[0]]; uint16_t dest = 0;
```
// 获取当前方块在游戏池中的区域：
// 游戏池坐标x y处小方格信息，按低到高存放在16位无符号数中
dest |= (((manager->pool[manager->y + 0] >> manager->x) << 0x0) & 0x000F);
dest |= (((manager->pool[manager->y + 1] >> manager->x) << 0x4) & 0x00F0);
dest |= (((manager->pool[manager->y + 2] >> manager->x) << 0x8) & 0x0F00);
dest |= (((manager->pool[manager->y + 3] >> manager->x) << 0xC) & 0xF000);
return ((dest & tetris) != 0);
```
} void insertTetris(TetrisManager *manager){ uint16_t tetris = gs_uTetrisTable[manager->type[0]][manager->orientation[0]]; manager->pool[manager->y + 0] |= (((tetris >> 0x0) & 0x000F) << manager->x); manager->pool[manager->y + 1] |= (((tetris >> 0x4) & 0x000F) << manager->x); manager->pool[manager->y + 2] |= (((tetris >> 0x8) & 0x000F) << manager->x); manager->pool[manager->y + 3] |= (((tetris >> 0xC) & 0x000F) << manager->x); } void removeTetris(TetrisManager *manager){ uint16_t tetris = gs_uTetrisTable[manager->type[0]][manager->orientation[0]]; manager->pool[manager->y + 0] &= ~(((tetris >> 0x0) & 0x000F) << manager->x); manager->pool[manager->y + 1] &= ~(((tetris >> 0x4) & 0x000F) << manager->x); manager->pool[manager->y + 2] &= ~(((tetris >> 0x8) & 0x000F) << manager->x); manager->pool[manager->y + 3] &= ~(((tetris >> 0xC) & 0x000F) << manager->x); } void setPoolColor(const TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control){ int8_t i, x, y; uint16_t tetris = gs_uTetrisTable[manager->type[0]][manager->orientation[0]]; for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i) { y = (i >> 2) + manager->y; // 待设置的列 if (y > ROW_END) // 超过底部限制 { break; } x = (i & 3) + manager->x; if ((tetris >> i) & 1){ control->color[y][x] = (manager->type[0] | 8); } } } void rotateTetris(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control) { int8_t ori = manager->orientation[0]; // 记录原旋转状态
```
removeTetris(manager); // 移走当前方块

// 顺/逆时针旋转
manager->orientation[0] = (control->clockwise) ? ((ori + 1) & 3) : ((ori + 3) & 3);

if (checkCollision(manager)) // 检测到碰撞
{
	manager->orientation[0] = ori; // 恢复为原旋转状态
	insertTetris(manager); // 放入当前方块。由于状态没改变，不需要设置颜色
}
else
{
	insertTetris(manager); // 放入当前方块
	setPoolColor(manager, control); // 设置颜色
	printCurrentTetris(manager, control); // 显示当前方块
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 水平移动方块 void horzMoveTetris(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control) { int x = manager->x; // 记录原列位置
```
removeTetris(manager); // 移走当前方块
control->direction == 0 ? (--manager->x) : (++manager->x); // 左/右移动

if (checkCollision(manager)) // 检测到碰撞
{
	manager->x = x;
	insertTetris(manager);
}
else
{
	insertTetris(manager);
	setPoolColor(manager, control); // 设置颜色
	printCurrentTetris(manager, control); // 显示当前方块
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 向下移动方块 void moveDownTetris(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control) { int8_t y = manager->y; // 记录原行位置
```
removeTetris(manager); // 移走当前方块
++manager->y; // 向下移动

if (checkCollision(manager)) // 检测到碰撞
{
	manager->y = y; // 恢复为原行位置
	insertTetris(manager); // 放入当前方块。由于位置没改变，不需要设置颜色
	if (checkErasing(manager, control)) // 检测到消行
	{
		printTetrisPool(manager, control); // 显示游戏池
	}
}
else
{
	insertTetris(manager); // 放入当前方块
	setPoolColor(manager, control); // 设置颜色
	printCurrentTetris(manager, control); // 显示当前方块
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 方块直接落地 void dropDownTetris(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control) { removeTetris(manager); // 移走当前方块 for (; manager->y < ROW_END; ++manager->y) // 从上往下 { if (checkCollision(manager)) // 检测到碰撞 { break; } } --manager->y; // 上移一格当然没有碰撞
```
insertTetris(manager); // 放入当前方块
setPoolColor(manager, control); // 设置颜色

checkErasing(manager, control); // 检测消行
printTetrisPool(manager, control); // 显示游戏池
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 消行检测 bool checkErasing(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control) { static const unsigned scores[5] = { 0, 10, 30, 90, 150 }; // 消行得分 int8_t count = 0; int8_t k = 0, y = manager->y + 3; // 从下往上检测
```
do
{
	if (y < ROW_END && manager->pool[y] == 0xFFFFU) // 有效区域内且一行已填满
	{
		++count;
		// 消除一行方块
		memmove(manager->pool + 1, manager->pool, sizeof(uint16_t) * y);
		// 颜色数组的元素随之移动
		memmove(control->color[1], control->color[0], sizeof(int8_t [16]) * y);
	}
	else
	{
		--y;
		++k;
	}
} while (y >= manager->y && k < 4);

manager->erasedTotal += count; // 消行总数
manager->score += scores[count]; // 得分

if (count > 0)
{
	++manager->erasedCount[count - 1]; // 消行
}

giveTetris(manager); // 给下一个方块
setPoolColor(manager, control); // 设置颜色

return (count > 0);
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 键按下 void keydownControl(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control, int key) { if (key == 13) // 暂停/解除暂停 { control->pause = !control->pause; }
```
if (control->pause) // 暂停状态，不作处理
{
	return;
}

switch (key)
{
	case 'w': case 'W': case '8': case 72: // 上
	control->clockwise = true; // 顺时针旋转
	rotateTetris(manager, control); // 旋转方块
	break;
	case 'a': case 'A': case '4': case 75: // 左
	control->direction = 0; // 向左移动
	horzMoveTetris(manager, control); // 水平移动方块
	break;
	case 'd': case 'D': case '6': case 77: // 右
	control->direction = 1; // 向右移动
	horzMoveTetris(manager, control); // 水平移动方块
	break;
	case 's': case 'S': case '2': case 80: // 下
	moveDownTetris(manager, control); // 向下移动方块
	break;
	case ' ': // 直接落地
	dropDownTetris(manager, control);
	break;
	case '0': // 反转
	control->clockwise = false; // 逆时针旋转
	rotateTetris(manager, control); // 旋转方块
	break;
default:
	break;
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 以全角定位 void gotoxyWithFullwidth(short x, short y) { static COORD cd;
```
cd.X = (short)(x << 1);
cd.Y = y;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(g_hConsoleOutput, cd);
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 显示游戏池边界 void printPoolBorder() { int8_t y;
```
SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 0xF0);
for (y = ROW_BEGIN; y < ROW_END; ++y) // 不显示顶部4行和底部2行
{
	gotoxyWithFullwidth(10, y - 3);
	printf("%2s","");
	gotoxyWithFullwidth(23, y - 3);
	printf("%2s", "");
}

gotoxyWithFullwidth(10, y - 3); // 底部边界
printf("%28s", "");
```
}

// 定位到游戏池中的方格 #define gotoxyInPool(x, y) gotoxyWithFullwidth(x + 9, y - 3)

// ============================================================================= // 显示游戏池 void printTetrisPool(const TetrisManager *manager, const TetrisControl *control) { int8_t x, y;
```
for (y = ROW_BEGIN; y < ROW_END; ++y) // 不显示顶部4行和底部2行
{
	gotoxyInPool(2, y); // 定点到游戏池中的方格
	for (x = COL_BEGIN; x < COL_END; ++x) // 不显示左右边界
	{
		if ((manager->pool[y] >> x) & 1) // 游戏池该方格有方块
		{
			// 用相应颜色，显示一个实心方块
			SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, control->color[y][x]);
			printf("■");
		}
		else // 没有方块，显示空白
		{
			SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 0);
			printf("%2s", "");
		}
	}
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 显示当前方块 void printCurrentTetris(const TetrisManager *manager, const TetrisControl *control) { int8_t x, y;
```
// 显示当前方块是在移动后调用的，为擦去移动前的方块，需要扩展显示区域
// 由于不可能向上移动，故不需要向下扩展
y = (manager->y > ROW_BEGIN) ? (manager->y - 1) : ROW_BEGIN; // 向上扩展一格
for (; y < ROW_END && y < manager->y + 4; ++y)
{
	x = (manager->x > COL_BEGIN) ? (manager->x - 1) : COL_BEGIN; // 向左扩展一格
	for (; x < COL_END && x < manager->x + 5; ++x) // 向右扩展一格
	{
		gotoxyInPool(x, y); // 定点到游戏池中的方格
		if ((manager->pool[y] >> x) & 1) // 游戏池该方格有方块
		{
			// 用相应颜色，显示一个实心方块
			SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, control->color[y][x]);
			printf("■");
		}
		else // 没有方块，显示空白
		{
			SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 0);
			printf("%2s", "");
		}
	}
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 显示下一个和下下一个方块 void printNextTetris(const TetrisManager *manager) { int8_t i; uint16_t tetris;
```
// 边框
SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 0xF);
gotoxyWithFullwidth(26, 1);
printf("┏━━━━┳━━━━┓");
gotoxyWithFullwidth(26, 2);
printf("┃%8s┃%8s┃", "", "");
gotoxyWithFullwidth(26, 3);
printf("┃%8s┃%8s┃", "", "");
gotoxyWithFullwidth(26, 4);
printf("┃%8s┃%8s┃", "", "");
gotoxyWithFullwidth(26, 5);
printf("┃%8s┃%8s┃", "", "");
gotoxyWithFullwidth(26, 6);
printf("┗━━━━┻━━━━┛");

// 下一个，用相应颜色显示
tetris = gs_uTetrisTable[manager->type[1]][manager->orientation[1]];
SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, manager->type[1] | 8);
for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
{
	gotoxyWithFullwidth((i & 3) + 27, (i >> 2) + 2);
	((tetris >> i) & 1) ? printf("■") : printf("%2s", "");
}

// 下下一个，不显示彩色
tetris = gs_uTetrisTable[manager->type[2]][manager->orientation[2]];
SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 8);
for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
{
	gotoxyWithFullwidth((i & 3) + 32, (i >> 2) + 2);
	((tetris >> i) & 1) ? printf("■") : printf("%2s", "");
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 显示得分信息 void printScore(const TetrisManager *manager) { static const char *tetrisName = "ITLJZSO"; int8_t i;
```
SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 0xE);

gotoxyWithFullwidth(2, 2);
printf("■得分：%u", manager->score);

gotoxyWithFullwidth(1, 6);
printf("■消行总数：%u", manager->erasedTotal);
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
{
	gotoxyWithFullwidth(2, 8 + i);
	printf("□消%d：%u", i + 1, manager->erasedCount[i]);
}

gotoxyWithFullwidth(1, 15);
printf("■方块总数：%u", manager->tetrisTotal);

for (i = 0; i < 7; ++i)
{
	gotoxyWithFullwidth(2, 17 + i);
	printf("□%c形：%u", tetrisName[i], manager->tetrisCount[i]);
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 显示提示信息 void printPrompting() { SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 0xB); gotoxyWithFullwidth(26, 10); printf("■控制："); gotoxyWithFullwidth(27, 12); printf("□向左移动：← A 4"); gotoxyWithFullwidth(27, 13); printf("□向右移动：→ D 6"); gotoxyWithFullwidth(27, 14); printf("□向下移动：↓ S 2"); gotoxyWithFullwidth(27, 15); printf("□顺时针转：↑ W 8"); gotoxyWithFullwidth(27, 16); printf("□逆时针转：0"); gotoxyWithFullwidth(27, 17); printf("□直接落地：空格"); gotoxyWithFullwidth(27, 18); printf("□暂停游戏：回车"); gotoxyWithFullwidth(25, 23); printf("■By: NEWPLAN @ UESTC"); }

// ============================================================================= // 运行游戏 void runGame(TetrisManager *manager, TetrisControl *control) { clock_t clockLast, clockNow;
```
clockLast = clock(); // 计时
printTetrisPool(manager, control); // 显示游戏池

while (!manager->dead) // 没挂
{
	while (_kbhit()) // 有键按下
	{
		keydownControl(manager, control, _getch()); // 处理按键
	}
	
	if (!control->pause) // 未暂停
	{
		clockNow = clock(); // 计时
		// 两次记时的间隔超过0.45秒
		if (clockNow - clockLast > 0.45F * CLOCKS_PER_SEC)
		{
			clockLast = clockNow;
			keydownControl(manager, control, 80); // 方块往下移
		}
	}
}
```
}

// ============================================================================= // 再来一次 bool ifPlayAgain() { int ch; SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_hConsoleOutput, 0xF0); gotoxyWithFullwidth(15, 10); printf("游戏结束"); gotoxyWithFullwidth(13, 11); printf("按Y重玩，按N退出");
```
do
{
	ch = _getch();
	if (ch == 'Y' || ch == 'y')
	{
		return true;
	}
	else if (ch == 'N' || ch == 'n')
	{
		return false;
	}
} while (1);
```
}
- majiatong LV 8 @ 2025-7-6 19:38:25
  
  能玩吗？
songyitian LV 5 @ 2025-7-4 19:36:29

马佳瞳最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅最帅
- majiatong LV 8 @ 2025-7-4 19:37:42
  
  我同意你的观点

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